"[18], The heading for Chapter 3 states "That it is necessary to kill the sons of Brutus if one wishes to maintain a newly acquired freedom. The captain must esteemed of a quality that they trust in his prudence. He begins by laying out the ways in which Rome was established, governed, and how freedom was imparted to its people. [84] He raises the story of Pontus, captain of the Samnites, who sent some of his soldiers in shepherds clothing to the Roman camp so that they could be lead them into an ambush where Pontus's army was waiting. People were looking for good connections, and the prince who has a better reputation is better off than the one with better force. "[45], Chapter 16 pertains to "That in difficult times one goes to find true; and in easy times not virtuous men but those with riches or kinship have more favour. And could the goodness, for example, of Leo X (Prince, chap. Discourses on Livy, published in 1531, is equally essential to an understanding of political theory. "[4] Namely, monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy will become tyranny, oligarchy, and anarchy, respectively. "[13] This return toward the beginning is done either through prudence from outside of the republic or from within the republic. Chapter 31 talks about how dangerous it is to believe the banished. I send you a present which if it is not equal to the obligations that I have toward you, it is Hence the prince must take courage to use these extraordinary means when necessary, and should yet take care not to miss any chance which offers of establishing his cause with humanity, kindness, and rewards, not taking as an absolute rule what Machiavelli says, who was always extremely partial to extraordinary and violent methods. He thinks that fraud makes it quicker and easier for a person to succeed, so force is not needed as much. But whoever is not of this strength of spirit ought to guard himself from extraordinary commands and can use his humanity in ordinary ones..."[57] He concludes the chapter stating that the behavior of Manlius and Valerius fit specific needs: "the proceedings of Valerius is useful in a prince and pernicious in a citizen, not only to the fatherland but to himself: to it, because those modes prepare the way for tyranny; to himself, because in suspecting his mode of proceeding, his city is constrained to secure itself against him to his harm. The work is a defence of republics, as the best form of government for preserving liberty and security because power is shared between the lower and upper class. This was primarily what drove Brutus and Cassius to conspire against Caesar. "[16] "For with poverty and with the example of the life of Christ they brought back into the minds of men what had already been eliminated there. When they could no longer field an army, they corrupted the duke of Milan and were able to regain any towns they had lost and part of the state of Ferrara. First, one sees that women have been causes of much ruin, and have done great harm to those who govern a city, and have caused many divisions in them. "[17] He is referring to the way in which Brutus removed the Tarquins from Rome "to live more securely and to maintain his patrimony..."[17] Machiavelli believes that "From his example all those who are discontented with a prince have to learn: they should first measure and first weigh their forces, and if they are so powerful that they can expose themselves as his enemies and make war on him openly, they should enter on this way, as less dangerous and more honorable. Towards the end of Book I, Machiavelli adds that great accidents that occur in a city usually come with some kind of sign. He raises the example of Piero Soderini again, who "proceeded in all his affairs with humanity and patience. Democracy in America. Chapter 11 talks about the idea that becoming friends with a Prince who has more reputation than force is not something that would go unnoticed. "[87] There is great reward to being ambitious in key moments like a battle. Chapter 27 says for prudent princes and republics, it should be enough to conquer, for most often when it is not enough, one loses. Chapter talks in detail about the different outlooks people have. "[20] Tarquin's tyranny over the people of Rome would lead to his overthrow and incredibly negative status in Roman history. Chapter 16 talks about how much the soldiers of his time did not conform to the ancient orders. Spurius's hopes to win over the Plebs with gifts were dashed when they refused him, knowing that it would cost them their freedom. 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